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DNET V2.00
1 MARCH 1989
DNET (c)Copyright 1987-1989 Matthew Dillon, All Rights Reserved
Matthew Dillon
891 Regal Rd
Berkeley, Ca. 94708
USA
...!ihnp4!ucbvax!dillon USENET
dillon@ucbvax.Berkeley.edu ARPANET
ucbvax.berkeley.edu pub/amiga ARPANET-FTP
This documentation was compiled by Rich Helms from the original
documentation by Matthew Dillion.
Rich Helms
Ye Olde Helmstead Farm
RR #1
Sunderland, Ontario
L0C 1H0 Canada
Table of Contents
History
1. What is DNet
2. Installation
3. Commands
Appendix A.Building a Null Modem Cable
HISTORY
V1.00 sometime in 1987
First release
V1.20 sometime in 1988
Fixes to the first release
V2.00 1 March 1989
Major fixes, additions, and other items.
WHAT IS DNET
DNet is a link protocol and should properly be called DLink, but
the name DNet stuck and so it will stay. DNet allows one to connect two
amigas together and run multiple connections between them. For example,
you can open a talk window or two or three and be doing an upload and be
doing a download all at the same time.
Currently, DNet can be used to connect two Amiga's together or an Amiga
to a 4.2BSD/4.3BSD compatible UNIX.
Note: AN 8 BIT PATH MUST BE AVAILABLE TO RUN DNET. DNet must be
able to send and receive all 256 character codes. This is generally not
a problem between two amigas connected via modem. This can be a problem
connecting to UNIX boxes over a port selector or terminal concentrator.
INSTALLING DNET ON YOUR AMIGA
There are a number of steps involved in the installation of DNet including
hardware and software.
* Hardware Connection
It is first necessary to connect the Amiga with the other system. This
can be done in one of two ways, either a modem or null modem cable. If the
systems are to communicate over a phone line, then a modem is necessary.
If the systems are in the same area, a null modem cable can be made.
* How to Make a Null Modem Cable
Serial communications can be done over a nonshielded cable for up to 50
feet. To exceed 50 feet, shielded cable should be used. Distance has an
effect on the quality of cable needed as well as the speed you can run the
serial port. My personal system has an Amiga 1000 and an Amiga 500
connected by a 60 foot shielded 4 wire cable and I run the two Amigas at
19,200 baud. Nonshielded cables or long runs may cut into the speed
possible.
Three types of cables can be made. The first is a "full" null modem cable.
The second is a cable that puts through the minimum lines and tricks the
other connections. The third is a cable with the "minimum" number of lines
and no tricks to fool the system. This kind of cable requires special
software support.
See Appendix A for the details of how to build all three cables.
* Async line drivers
For distances up to a few miles, an async line driver can be used. The
purpose of such a device is to amplify the signal for the longer
trip down the wire. Many vendors sell such devices. One is Black Box
Canada Corp (195 Riviera Dr., Markham, Ontario, Canada, L3R 5J6. They
sell line drivers that look like a typical serial plug but has 4 screw
terminals on the end. You connect standard phone 4 wire to each unit and
you can run up to 3.2 miles of wire and run at either 9,600 baud on the
SHM-NPR ($123.50 Cdn Fall) or 19,200 baud on the SHM-NPR1 ($138.00).
* Performance
While the Amiga can run at 19,200 baud, the effective rate is not what the
serial port is configured to. There is overhead in the program.
In one test, 2 Amigas were linked via a null modem cable. A 47K file was
loaded in the RAM: on one system and copied to the other system by the
GETFILES program.
At 19,200 baud the copy took 27 seconds giving an effective thruput of
1.7 K bytes per second (about 17,800 baud).
Do not try to run at 38,400 baud. It will lock up the system.
SOFTWARE INSTALLATION
(1) copy dres.library to libs:
(2) Create a directory for the DNet programs (we will use
Network_Programs for this document.
(3) In s:Startup-Sequence add these lines:
assign dnet: Network_Programs
path dnet: add
Now you can call any DNet program from the directory as dnet:.
Note: You must have assigned env: for DNet to work.
(4) copy the DNet binary and all client and server program to dnet:
These programs include:
dpipe-handler null-handler
bbsterm cliterm
dbbs dnet
fterm getfiles
loadav putfiles
quitdnet scli
scopy sgcopy
spasswd sprint
statdnet sterm
(5) copy the file dnet.servers to s:
All programs in dnet.servers points to where the associated program is
found. As it points to dnet: as the location, your assign done in step 3
will cause all programs to be found.
The dnet.servers file looks like this:
8192 dnet:scopy ram: ;File Transfer server
8195 dnet:sterm ram: ;Terminal Window server
8196 dnet:scli ram: ;Shell Server (needs pipe:)
8197 dnet:sloadav ram: ;Load Average Server
8198 dnet:sprint ram: ;Printer Server (direct copy)
8199 dnet:spasswd ram: ;Password Server
; 8200 reserved for BBS server, handled by dbbs client&server program
8201 dnet:sgcopy ram: ;GET files server
(6) copy the file dnet.config to s:
You may have to modify s:dnet.config. See the chapter on the dnet
command.
(7) If you want to run a CLI session on system B from system A then on
system B you must:
Add to devs:MountList
DPIPE: Handler = dnet:dpipe-handler
Stacksize = 6000
Priority = 5
GlobVec = 1
#
NULL: Handler = dnet:null-handler
Stacksize = 500
Priority = 5
GlobVec = 1
#
With these 2 entries in the MountList file, you can run a remote CLI.
It is also necessary to execute
MOUNT DPIPE:
MOUNT NULL:
on System B before running CLITERM on system A.
Note: the parameters in DNET are case sensitive. The X MUST be a capital
letter.
IF YOU ARE USING A MODEM
1> RUN DNET -X -8 -b1200
The above line also sets the baud to 1200. The idea is you set it to
what is proper for your modem. In the small window that appears, type the
commands to make the call with your modem.
IF YOU ARE USING A NULL MODEM CABLE
1> Set preferences on both mochines to:
19,200 or 9,600 baud (both machines MUST match)
8 bit read and write
1 stop bit
no parity
xON/xOFF
If you are using a full null modem cable or a tricked null modem cable
as described in Appendix A enter:
2> RUN DNET -X
If you are using a 3 wire null modem cable with only lines 2 crossed
to 3 and line 7 through, enter:
2> RUN DNET -X -h0
Note: the -h0 tells DNET to ignore the carrier detect line.
WARNING: The defaults for -X (manual mode) in S:DNET.CONFIG turn off all
security. Please read documentation on security for more information.
SCRIPT TO STARTDNET
Here is a sample script to start DNet.
assign dnet: dh0:Network_Programs ;set to the directory you used
path dnet: add
run dnet:DNET -X ;set your parameters up
mount dpipe: ;this is necessary if a remote
mount null: ;CLI is to be used
A small DNET window should appear from which you can dialup your
friend's amiga. On a modem CONNECT, DNET should automatically adjust the
baud rate. It may be necessary to modify S:DNET.CONFIG as to how your
modem tells the active baud rate.
After connecting, executing the START DNET menu option from either
end will start the protocol. The small dnet window should go away
and DNET should attempt to run the FTERM client program, which
connects to an STERM server program on the other end. Your friend's
amiga will do the same.
Note: The return key on one system will not reset the cursor to the next
line. It will do a line feed but not a carriage return. See FTERM to see
how to start a window on the other Amiga with correct cursor control.
If all goes ok, it should flash the window size in the title bar
and you can type. If not, the window will go away and an error
message will be printed out in your CLI: "unable to connect".
WARNING: Even if there are no windows open (no clients active),
DNet is still running!!!! us the CLI BREAK command to kill DNet
and give you back the initial DNet window, from which you can
hit the close-window gadget.
Breaking the DNet protocol will kill any active clients.
Unless specified with the -h0 option, if the modem carrier is lost
DNet will kill all clients and re-open its initial window.
SERVERS AND CLIENTS
DNet has a notion of servers and clients. That is, you run the
protocol as described above, then run other external programs that talk
to the core program "DNet". These other external programs "FTerm",
"GetFiles", "PutFiles", etc... obtain virtual connections to special
server programs on the remote machine.
Thus, when you started the protocol above DNet automatically
ran the FTERM client... you can run as many FTERMs as you have memory
for (well, actually, DNet is limited to 64 simultanious channels). When
a client program such as FTERM is run on computer A, it causes the
appropriate server program (STERM in this case) to automatically be run
on computer B. The client and server need some way to rendezvous, and they
do this by giving the same PORT NUMBER to the protocol driver.
This is what the S:DNET.SERVERS file is ... when you run a client
on computer A it asks for server #<blah> (e.g. 8195 for an FTERM) on the
remote machine. Computer B (the remote machine) looks up 8195 in the
S:DNET.SERVERS file, finds the path to the server in question, and runs it
automatically.
PORT CLIENT SERVER PURPOSE
8192 PutFiles SCopy send files to remote computer
8195 FTerm STerm open a talk window on both computers
8196 CLITerm SCli remote-CLI (actually newshell)
8197 LoadAv ------ Load-Average window (when running DNet
to a UNIX machine)
8198 ------ SPrint printer server
8199 DLogin SPasswd password server. Used to gain security
access for auto-answer callups
8201 GetFiles SGCopy download files from remote computer
DNET OPTIONS
(please refer to S:DNET.CONFIG while reading this)
DNet runs in three basic modes: AutoAnswer (-a), DialOut (default),
and Manual (-X). Each mode has its own default set of security
parameters. The shipped defaults assume a hostile enviroment.
Generally, AutoAnswer is assumed to be the most hostile since you
do not know who is calling you up. DialOut is less so since you know
who you are dialing, and Manual assumes a non-hostile enviroment.
These three modes also cause DNet to work differently.
AMIGA/DNET
DialOutMode: The default mode is DialOutMode (neither -X or -a
given). DNet will look for a CONNECT message on carrier
detect and modify the baud rate according to the AUTA
resources.
DNet will set the security modes to the ENVO (originate)
resources in s:dnet.config
NOTE: response through the initial window will be slow due
to DNet's scanning of the resource file s:dnet.config.
-X Manual mode. DNet will look for a CONNECT message on
carrier detect and modify the baud rate on connect
appropriately.
DNet will set the security modes to the ENVM resources
which assumes a friendly connection.
-a Auto Answer mode. DNet will send the RESM resources at
the originally specified baud rate to reset the modem
whenever carrier is lost.
The security modes are set the the ENVA resources, which
normally assume a hostile enviroment.
-8 Use 8 bits no parity for the initial window rather than
7 bits even parity. NOTE! This only effects the initial
login window. The Protocol, when running, always uses
8 bits no parity.
-bbaud Set Initial Baud rate (otherwise uses preferences baud
rate)
-Bbaud Set Baud used to determine timeouts. If not set, the
current baud rate, whatever that is, is used. If set,
this value is used to calculate timeouts forever after
no matter what the actual line baud rate is.
For example, setting this value lower than whatever baud
rate you normally use will allow for longer line delays
(such as when dialing through networks and things)
-sclient Run the specified client program on protocol start. If
running a BBS you want to specify the BBS client program
here.
NOTE: If the DNET_NORUNCLIENT enviroment variable is set,
no client program will be run even if this option is
specified. This is used by DBBS to ensure that DNet does
not start it several times. This enviroment variable is
automatically deleted when DNET is first run.
The default is to run the FTERM client.
-nhostname Set the hostname (not used)
-h0 Disable the auto-hangup feature. This only works when
in DialOut (default) or Manual (-X) mode and causes DNet to
ignore the carrier detect line. CD MUST be implemented for
AutoAnswer.
-U# Set the unit number for the low level serial-like device
to talk over.
-Ddevice Set the device name for the low level serial-like device
to talk over (i.e. "serial.device").
-N# Set the network ID for local client/server rendezvous
-p Packet Debug mode
-d Debug mode on
---------------------------------------------------
SECURITY
The following enviroment variables should exist:
DNET_LEVEL, DNET_READ, DNET_WRITE, DNET_GROUP, DNET_USERID
These are setup automatically by the S:dnet.config file depending on
the mode (Manual, DialOut (-X), AutoAnswer (-a)) and are read by local
servers to determine what the remote machine is allowed to do. These
variables each hold a single value, normally 0-9 (except for DNET_GROUP
which can be any number 0-32767).
SGCOPY (server for getfiles):
This is a new server.
DNET_READ and DNET_GROUP determine which files the remote machine
may download (read). In order for the remote to be able to download
a file,that file and all its parent directories are scanned. At
least one comment field must have an AC entry (AC=n) less than or
equal to the current DNET_READ enviroment variable or sgcopy will
disallow the download. If NO comment fields have an AC entry
the download is disallowed. If any comment field has an AC
entry > DNET_READ, the download is disallowed unless a GP entry
was found (GR=n).
A comment field may have multiple GR entries (GR=n GR=n ...). If
any matches DNET_GROUP and all (if any) AC fields are <= DNET_READ,
the download is allowed.
After that point a download will begin and files/dirs need not have
AC entries. However, if any do, it will be checked again DNET_READ
and the download (for that file or directory) disallowed.
SCOPY (server for putfiles)
This server allows remote machines to upload a file. That is,
transfer from the remote machine to the local machine. DNET_WRITE
must be 9 or higher or the upload will be disallowed. Currently,
the remote machine may upload anywhere so it is suggested that you
either NOT have the SCOPY server installed or do not set DNET_WRITE
to 9 or beyond when talking to possibly hostile remote machines.
SPRINT (printer server)
This server copies a stream to PRT: DNET_WRITE must be at least
6 or the remote machine will not be allowed to use this server.
SCLI (CLI server)
This server is currently a big hack and requires a special pipe
device to work (The 1.3 pipe: will not work).
DNET_LEVEL must be at least 9 for a remote machine to be able to
start a remote cli
STERM (terminal window server)
This server requires no permissions to operate and allows the
remote machine to bring up a 'terminal window' to talk you
through.
AUTOMATIC ENVIROMENT VARIABLE CONFIGURATION CAN BE DONE FROM
S:DNET.CONFIG
---------------------------------------------------
TALKING TO A DBBS
Amiga users wishing to connect to DBBS hosts should use the following
command line:
Run dnet -8 -sbbsterm
The -8 is required only if you have a stupid 'smart' modem which
figures out the parity and then stays with it forever after. Since
neither -a or -X have been given, you are in the medium-security
'dial-out' mode.
Then, dial up the BBS in question. If the other end is indeed a
DNET-BBS running under automatic operation, the protocol should start
up almost immediately. On protocol startup, your side will
automatically attempt to run the BBSTERM program (which connects to the
BBS server on the other end). NOTE that the BBSTERM executable and
FTERM executable are one and the same. The naming 'BBSTERM' causes
it to use the BBS's port (8200) instead of the STERM port (8195)
Currently the BBS server will allow only one connection at a time and
return other attempts with an error. However, you can still download,
upload, readmail, and talk to the sysop all at the same time.
Downloading files from the DBBS
The getfiles client program is used to retrieve files from the DBBS.
The DBBS will set security options and such to allow you to download
files.
Allowing the DBBS to upload files from you
At least one of the directories in the path leading to the eventual
file/dir that you want to upload to the BBS must have a comment
field containing the string AC=<n> (e.g. AC=1) where <n> is at least
whatever read security level you have set (the DNET_READ enviroment
variable, for example: setenv DNET_READ 1), or the DBBS will be unable
to retrieve the file(s)/dir(s) and will tell you so.
---------------------------------------------------
EMAIL NETWORK
Has not been implemented yet, but will eventually be just another
server. This is one of the reasons why the connect-to-BBS is done
by the caller rather than have the BBS automatically startup an STERM
on protocol startup ... this way, future enhancements such as an
automated email network can be added without the burden of automatically
starting up a BBS everytime.
I also plan to implement a CRON based auto-dialer for email transfer.
----------------------------------------------
RUNNING AS A DBBS
The DBBS server program is a BBS system for the Amiga which runs under
DNet. The following is an example command line for automatic
operation. Your modem must implement the CD (carrier detect) line and
must disconnect when DTR is dropped.
Run dnet -8 -a -bmaxbaud -sdbbs (other options may apply)
That is, 8 bits no parity for the initial window (doesn't matter unless
you have one of those stupid-smart modems), answer mode (automatic
protocol startup on carrier detect), the maximum baud rate your modem
can handle, and to run the DBBS client on protocol startup.
The DBBS program is the BBS program itself. It is a client in that you
RUN it (or allow DNET to run it via the -s option). It is a server in
that it passively waits for connections from the remote end. This
program also handles disconnecting users when their time runs out or
they are idle too long.
Since PUTFILES is a security hole right now, rather than have users
of the BBS PUTFILES to upload, they will request the BBS to GETFILES
the files to upload.
*NEVER SET YOUR DNET_LEVEL or DNET_WRITE TO 9 OR ABOVE! Doing so gives
remote users sysop level access to DNet.
NOTE: I intend to implement a mail network at some point. Remember
that in the future, users will dial up and connect to your machine to
do things other than just use the DBBS (i.e. they'll connect to the
EMAIL server in many cases for an automated mail transfer).
AMIGA/CLITERM
CLITERM [-Nnet] [port#]
CLITERM is used between two amigas to open a remote CLI on the remote
amiga.
CLITERM is a standard FTERM minus some features and plus some features.
The big feature is that it line-buffers the data, allowing you to
edit lines before sending them off to the remote cli. It also
defaults to the SCLI server's port # (8196).
WARNING: You must be at a CLI (or 1.3 NewShell shell) prompt when
you exit!
The remote machine must have the Amiga OS V1.3 NewShell command
installed as well as DPIPE:, and the DNET_LEVEL enviroment variable
must be at least 9 (accomplished by the remote user running dnet -X or
modifying s:dnet.config). A shell initialization from file,
s:remote-startup, is automatically executed by the shell.
It is suggested that the program "noreq" be run by s:remote-startup
to disable requesters (or your remote CLI will freeze when you make
a mistake that brings up a DOS requester!).
AMIGA/FTERM
AMIGA/BBSTERM
FTERM [-Nnet] [port#] [-c#] [-wcapturefile]
FTERM opens a standard intuition window and connects to a CSH running on
the remote UNIX machine. If the remote machine is another Amiga, it
connects to the terminal-window server (STERM).
To call the other Amiga with the CR LF correct use:
dnet:FTerm -c7
UNIX: The csh runs on a PTY and is NOT named, which means you don't show
up in WHO or FINGER, and cannot TALK other people (nor can they talk you).
To get a named shell, you must 'rlogin localhost'. This adds another
process to the character-loop.
The default port# is 8195. You can also specify another port # to
connect to.
The -N option specifies the network (default = 0). This is the same
network as was specified when you ran DNET (if was not specified, is 0)
The -c# option (-c7 for example) sets the 'cooked' mode. Bits are
defined as follows:
bit
0 turn keyboard CR's into LFs when sent to remote
1 Local Echo (half duplex)
2 cause received LFs to generate a CR+LF (i.e. CSI20h)
-wcapturefile Specify name of capture file, else "ram:capture".
Menus: (partially implemented): Capture -capture into ram:capture
Paste -pastes from ram:paste
Flush -get rid of buffered data
on remote end (that would
otherwise take a long time
to display)
BBSTERM is simply FTERM renamed, and uses PORT_BBS (8200) instead of
PORT_IALPHATERM (8195).
RELEASE INFO:
V1.10 DNET 1.10 release
-Implements auto window resize and auto-remote-resize
-Implements local echo (cooked mode) and buffering
Remote STERM implements equivalent options and now has the
same resize/echo/remote-resize capabilities as FTERM.
V1.00 Initial Release
AMIGA/LOADAV
LOADAV [-Nnet] [updatetime]
Create a load average window on your amiga. The program 'uptime' must
exist on the UNIX end for this to work. The default update time is
60 seconds.
The -N option specifies the network (default = 0). This is the same
network as was specified when you ran DNET (if was not specified, is 0)
AMIGA/FTERM Using FTERM to gain access to the SPASSWD server.
FTERM 8199 (Amiga<->Amiga connection, from calling amiga)
DSOC 8199 (Unix<->Amiga connection, from calling unix machine)
This connects to the SPASSWD server on the Amiga which requests a
login and password to gain any level of security access to the amiga.
S:DNET.CONFIG may contain zero or more entries of the following form:
USER <username> <password> <read-access> <write-access> <level-access>
example
USER dillon casmtrek 9 9 9
This server is useful as it allows you to leave your Amiga unattended
in auto-answer mode (with default security permissions 0 0 0). You
can call up your amiga, connect to the SPASSWD server and enter your
own personal user-name/password to gain full access to your amiga
for the duration of the call. When you hang up, the amiga will
automatically restore permissions to the default for the next caller.
UNIX/GETFILES
AMIGA/GETFILES
GETFILES [-Nnet#] [-dlocaldir] [-c] file/dir file/dir file/dir ..
GetFiles file transfer client. Download the specified files and or
dirs from the remote machine into the current directory, or the
directory specified if the -d option is used. Entire directory
trees may be downloaded
The -c "continue" option only downloads files which do not already
exist. For files which do exist, if the local file size is less
than the remote file size, the remainder will be downloaded and
appended to the local file.
SECURITY
The remote host, if an amiga, will impose security restrictions on
those files allowed to be downloaded according to the comment field
of said files or any parent directory and the current DNET_READ
accesslevel.
If the remote AMIGA's DNET_READ enviroment variable is set 9 or
higher, no access restrictions are imposed.
If the remote AMIGA's DNET_READ enviroment variable is less than
9, the comment field of the requested file or the comment field
of any parent directory to that file (checked all the way to the
root directory if necessary) must contain a field:
AC=<n>
where <n> is a value less than or equal to the security level
(DNET_READ enviroment variable). For example, if the remote user
sets the DNET_READ enviroment variable to 5 (normally done by
modifying the s:dnet.config file), and then sets the comment field
for his GAMES: volume to AC=5, remote users who connect to his
amiga will only be allowed to download files from that volume.
The comment field will be used to house other parameters in the
future.
UNIX/PUTFILES
AMIGA/PUTFILES
PUTFILES [-Nnet#] [-dDESTDIR] file/dir file/dir file/dir ..
File transfer client. Transfer the specified files and or directories
to the destination directory on the remote machine. For instance:
unix: putfiles -dram: charlie.txt /usr/include
places the file charlie.txt as ram:charlie.txt, and places the
directory structure /usr/include as ram:include/(whatever).
The -N option selects the network number (see -N option for DNET).
The default is 0 (AMIGA ONLY).
The default destination directory depends on the remote host. If the
destination is an Amiga, the default is DF0: (so you probably always
want to specify a -d switch). On the UNIX end, the default is whatever
is set in the file dnet.servers
Currently, no file compression is done. I also hope to add
semi-automatic crash recovery (continue download where you left off
after a crash), though it should be noted that it is very difficult
to crash DNET with random modem noise.
AMIGA/QUITDNET
QUITDNET [-Nnet]
This program causes the remote DNET to exit (remote is UNIX) or return
to the original window state (remote is an AMIGA). This is used mainly
for debugging to allow one to restart a newer copy of the program.
The -N option specifies the network (default = 0). This is the same
network as was specified when you ran DNET (if was not specified, is 0)
APPENDIX A Building a Null Modem Cable
Serial Interface Connector Specification
--------------------------------------------------
The 25 pin D type connector with sockets (DB25S=female) is used to
interface to RS232C standard signals. Signal names correspond to
those used in the appendices of the hardware manual when possible.
A500 has a male DB25 socket, A1000 has a female DB25 connector.
WARNING: Pins 14, 21 and 23 carry power on the A1000. On the A500 and
A2000, pins 9 and 10 carry power. Do not connect to these pins
inadvertantly as they can permanently damage external equipment.
Also, pins 15-18, 23-25 carry non-standard signals and should not be
inadvertantly connected. NEVER use a fully wired 25 line cable!
Full Null Modem Cable
---------------------
System A System B
1 ----------------- 1 Frame Ground
2 -----3 3----- 2 TX data Cross RX & TX
3 -----2 2----- 3 RX data
4 ---*-8 8-*--- 4 Request to Send Tie RTS & CTS cross to CD
5 ---* *--- 5 Clear to Send
6 ----20 20---- 6 Data set ready Cross DSR to DTR
7 ----------------- 7 Signal Ground
8 -----4 4----- 8 Carrier Detect Cross CD to tied RTS & CTS
20 ----6 6----- 20 Data Terminal Ready Cross DTR to DSR
Tricked Null Modem Cable
------------------------
1 ----------------- 1 Frame Ground
2 -----3 3----- 2 TX data Cross RX & TX
3 -----2 2----- 3 RX data
4 ---* *--- 4 Request to Send Tie RTS & CTS
5 ---* *--- 5 Clear to Send
6 ---* *--- 6 Data set ready Tie DSR, CD & DTR
8 ---* *--- 8 Carrier Detect
20 --* *--- 20 Data Terminal Ready
7 ----------------- 7 Signal Ground
If using a long shielded cable, connect pin 1 to the shield on one end but
not on the other.
Minimum Null Modem Cable
------------------------
1 ----------------- 1 Frame Ground This line is optional
2 -----3 3----- 2 TX data Cross RX & TX
3 -----2 2----- 3 RX data
7 ----------------- 7 Signal Ground
Serial Interface Connector Pin Assignment (J6) 1000 (500)
--------------------------------------------------
RS-232-C
pin name name dir std notes
1000 500 (A500 notes)
1 FGND FGND y frame ground -- do not tie to logic ground
[Common physical equipment ground]
2 TXD TXD O y transmit data
[Data sent to DCE]
3 RXD RXD I y receive data
[Data received from the DCE]
4 RTS RTS O y request to send
[Turns on modem's transmit carrier]
5 CTS CTS I y clear to send
[Indicates the modems transmit carrier is on]
6 DSR DSR I y data set ready
[Indicates the modem is on]
7 GND GND y signal ground -- do not tie to frame ground
[Ground for signal carrying circuit]
8 CD CD I y carrier detect
[Asserted when the modem hears a carrier]
9 --- +12V (+12V on A500)
10 --- -12V (-12V on A500)
11 --- AUDO (Audio out A500)
12 --- ---
13 --- ---
14 -5V --- 50 ma maximum *** WARNING -5V ***
15 AUDO --- O audio output from left (channels 0, 3) port,
intended to send audio to the modem
16 AUDI --- I audio input to right (channels 1, 2) port,
intended to receive audio from the modem;
this input is mixed with the analog output
of the right (channels 1, 2). It is not
digitized or used by the computer in any
way.
17 EB --- O 716 KHz clock that supports 68000 peripheral
transfers, intended for modem interface;
this is the buffered version of the E
clock from the 68000.
18 INT2* AUDI I asserting this OPEN COLLECTOR signal will
generate a level 2 interrupt to the 68000
if it is enabled.
(Audio into A500)
19 --- ---
20 DTR DTR O y data terminal ready
[Asserted by terminal when ready to use modem]
21 +5V --- 100 ma maximum *** WARNING +5V ***
22 --- RI y (Ring Indicator on A500)
[For electrically detecting a phone call
(auto-answer modems)]
23 +12V --- 50 ma maximum *** WARNING +12V ***
24 C2* --- O 3.58 MHz intended for modems that need a
colorburst clock.
25 RESB* --- O Amiga system reset
Pin Layout
While looking into the connector:
The male RS232C is usually for the DTE (Data Terminal Equipment)
The A500 and A2000 use a male plug.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
* * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * *
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
The female is usually for the DCE (Data Communications Equipment - modem)
The A1000 uses a female socket.
13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
* * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * *
25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14